What to know about the vaccine?

A vaccine is a medicine that prepares the body’s immune system to fight disease. Vaccines are not intended to cure diseases but to prevent them. For COVID-19, vaccination is a great way to help get back to normal.

Normally, the organism will have a protective reaction and will become immune to COVID-19 only two weeks after vaccination. It is thus possible for a person to become infected with COVID-19 before or immediately after vaccination because the vaccine has not yet had enough time to provide protection.
Many people think that vaccines work as a shield; completely protect the cells from infection, while the vaccine protects people from a disease, not infection. If the vaccine is 95% effective, about 95% of those vaccinated are insured against the disease, and the remaining 5% can be infected and can get sick, but the chances of being hospitalized are quite low.

Each of us has a somewhat different immune system, so we can still become infected after being vaccinated, but the chances of getting seriously ill are almost zero.
Vaccination does not completely protect us from infection, but it does give a huge advantage in terms of resisting the coronavirus pandemic. Regardless of the intensity of the immune system’s response, vaccination will help your body fight the infection more easily than without it.

The first mass vaccination program was launched in the beginning of December of 2020 and as of February 15, 2021, 175.3 million doses had already been vaccinated.
Currently known vaccines are the following:

1. Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19

• Scientific name: BNT162b2
• Manufacturers: Pfizer, Inc., և BioNTech
• Vaccine type: mRNA
• Injection dose: 2 injections 21 days apart
• Age limit: 16 years և above
• Efficiency: 95%
• Complications appear 1–2 days after vaccination

Pfizer-BioNTech COVID ‑ 19 vaccine.
In May 2020, Pfizer, a pharmaceutical company, and BioNTech, a German company, began testing and producing vaccines in the United States. The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID ‑ 19 vaccine is now available in over 30 countries (Germany, Hungary, France, Italy, Austria, Spain, Portugal, UK, United States, Czech Republic, Denmark, Bulgaria, Canada, UAE, Greece, Greece), sold under the Comirnaty brand, is based on the mRNA vaccine.

2. Moderna:

• Scientific name: mRNA-1273
• Manufacturer: ModernaTX, Inc.
• Vaccine type: mRNA
• Injection dose: 2 injections with a difference of 28 days
• Age limit: 18 years old և higher
• Efficiency: 94.1%
• Complications appear 1–2 days after vaccination

Moderna was produced by a biotech company in Massachusetts. On December 18, 2020, he was authorized for emergency use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

3. Johnson & Johnson (J&J)

• Scientific name: JNJ-78436735
• Manufacturer: Johnson & Johnson (J&J) Pharmaceutical Company
• Vaccine type: viral vector
• Injection dose: 1 injection
• Age limit: 18 years և above
• Efficiency 66–72 / 85%

Johnson & Johnson (J&J) is an American company that produces medical devices, pharmaceuticals, and consumer goods. The vaccine is approximately 77% effective in preventing severe or critical COVID-19 at least 14 days after vaccination and 85% effective in preventing the disease 28 days after vaccination, which means that the vaccine’s effect depends on time.

4. Sputnik 5
This Russian vaccine is one of the first licensed vaccines in the world. Clinical trials of Sputnik 5 in Russia involved more than 31,000 volunteers, the results of which proved to be effective.

• Sputnik 5 is already in use in more than 50 countries
• Has passed at least 6 tests in Russia, India, Venezuela, Belarus and the United Arab Emirates
• Approved for emergency use
• The efficiency reaches up to 90 / 91.6%

5. EpiVacCorona
A Russian-made vaccine based on a chemically synthesized antigen. Due to the antigen, the human immune system produces antibodies to the virus. The testing of EpiVacCorona continues, the results are expected to be available no earlier than May 2021. However, according to preliminary data, the vaccine is 100% effective.

6. Russian-made CoviVac targets the virus as a whole, affecting both its outer skin and its internal genetic material. Due to this feature, according to the authors, this vaccine can be quite effective in combating the imported versions.

In our article, we have also given the answers to the questions regarding the vaccine․

Frequently Asked Questions.

1 ․ What are the most common side effects after vaccination?
After getting vaccinated, you may have some complications, which are normal signs that your body is building defenses.
Here are the most common side effects:

• Pain and swelling
• Fever
• Trembling
• Fatigue
• Headache

These side effects may affect your ability to perform daily activities but are expected to go away within a few days.

2 ․ When should you see a doctor after vaccination?
You can contact your doctor in the following cases:

• If redness or swelling intensifies 24 hours after vaccination
• If the side effects are bothersome or there is a feeling for a few days that they do not go away

3 ․ Can pregnant women get vaccinated?
Yes․ There is currently no evidence that antibodies from the COVID-19 vaccine cause pregnancy-related problems.

4. Should I get vaccinated if I currently have COVID-19?
No․ People with COVID-19 symptoms, as well as those without symptoms, should wait until they recover or stop isolation and then get vaccinated.

Thus, vaccines help to gain immunity to the infection before it even enters the body. Like when your immune system learns how to fight disease, it can protect you for many years to come.